Whether the project of raising awareness was primarily pursued by arabs themselves or simply advertised by western social media users is a. The arab spring was a wave of prodemocracy protests and uprisings that took place in the middle east and north africa in 2010 and 2011. While interconnected, uprisings in each nation took different forms and reached. However, the economic models chosen by the successive regimes were ineffective in. A parsimonious explanation of recent contentious politics 2 whether american democratization policies have supported the protests barnes, 20 and described the importance of safetyvalve elections in autocratic regimes such as morocco buehler, 20. It began in response to oppressive regimes and a low standard of living, starting with protests in tunisia noueihed, 2011. Arab spring used their powers vehemently to crush the demonstrators and consequently the peaceful protesters also became violent. Eric trager is washingtons goto expert on egypt, the arab spring, and the rise and fall and possible rise again of the muslim brotherhood. The arab spring uprisings of 2011 triggered a wide set of social movements and regime change across the middle east and north africa. The arab spring started in tunisia in late 2010, when a selfimmolation of a street vendor in a provincial town of sidi bouzid sparked mass antigovernment protests. In this landmark book, hamid dabashi argues that the revolutionary uprisings that have engulfed multiple countries and political climes from morocco to iran and from syria to yemen, were driven by a delayed defiance a point of rebellion against domestic tyranny and globalized. Arab spring, wave of prodemocracy protests and uprisings that took place in the middle east and north africa beginning in 2010, challenging some of the regions entrenched authoritarian regimes.
Yemen became one of the first countries to experience the protests. Arab spring definition of arab spring by merriamwebster. He wanted to take back his articles but he was refused by the municipal officers. Arab spring definition is a series of antigovernment uprisings affecting arab countries of north africa and the middle east beginning in 2010. But their purpose, relative success, and outcome remain hotly disputed in arab countries, among foreign observers, and between world powers looking to cash in on the changing map of the middle east. This pioneering explanation of the arab spring will define a new era of thinking about the middle east. Like all great social upheavals, the arab spring was long in the making, and. Regime changes have occurred in tunisia, egypt, and libya, while movements cnntinue to grow in both those countries as well as bahrain, syria, and yemen. Arab spring is the name of the antigoverment uprisings that occured in 2010 in the areas of north africa. Arab spring definition and meaning collins english.
Subscribing to an essentially weberian methodology that favors multicausal explanation in understanding complex human phenomena, the discussion in the paper tries to avoid reducing the causes of the arab spring to a single, allembracing and alldeterming factor, such as class conflict or religious fervor. The economics of the arab spring and its aftermath world bank. The arab spring is a period of time in and around 2011 to 2012 during which people in the. From tunisia, the protests then spread to five other countries.
We al jazeera tv follow a group of libyan exiles as they sacrifice everything to return home for the final assault on tripoli. Causes of the arab spring causes of the arab spring may be described as following. The term arab winter refers to the events across arab league countries in the mideast and north africa, including the syrian civil war, the iraqi insurgency and the following civil war, the egyptian crisis, the. The arab spring demonstrated that public opinion can powerfully affect the regions political life. In tunisia, a policewoman allegedly slapped a street vendor mohamed bouazizi, 26 years old in the public and confiscated his vegetable cart. The arab spring was a series of demonstrations, protests, and civil wars against authoritarian regimes that started in tunisia and spread to much of the arab world. Development of conflict in arab spring libya and syria. Arab spring, while the demands of protestors and revolutionaries were more mundane. Building a safer and more secure world, including standing strong on fundamental principles of democracy and human rights. Arab spring affected countries suffered even more due to the 2008 economic crisis. In 2011 a wave of prodemocracy protests known as the arab spring spread across the arab world. Arab spring provoked, particularly the role of the media new and otherwise in empowering and even causing the uprisings.
The arab spring began in tunisia, with the selfimmolation of a vegetable seller named mohammed bouazizi. The spring is in contrast to the winter of oppression that many of these countries have experienced in the past. The role of information communication technologies in the arab spring pdf. However, the recent arab uprisings, better known as. Arab spring definition of arab spring by the free dictionary. Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by. Its uprising also became one of the most consequential. Tendency amongst commentators and some scholars to view arab spring as a result of globalization of democratic norms, new media technologies, educated and globalised and digitalsavvy youth as main agent of change.
Understanding the arab spring nicola pratt, 24 november 2011 1. A simple dictionary definition of the term revolution reveals two related concepts. Arab spring synonyms, arab spring pronunciation, arab spring translation, english dictionary definition of arab spring. The role of social media in the arab uprisings pew.
Arab spring definition, a series of uprisings in arab countries, beginning in tunisia in december 2010, in which protesters challenged the existing authoritarian regimes. Furthermore, it explores that tunis was one of the victims of arab spring which succeeded to get the real. Critics of the arab spring argue the success of the iraqi democracy is a result of the u. The arab spring jason marshall introduction the arab spring is a blanket term to cover a multitude of uprisings and protests in the middle east that began in the winter of 2010 and continue today. Roots and causes of the arab uprisings there is a consensu s among politica l analysts regardin g the cocktai l of major factors that, when combined, created the socia l explosio n known as the 2011 arab uprisings. Arab springaffected countries suffered even more due to the 2008 economic crisis. Women played a variety of roles in the arab spring, but its impact on women and their rights is unclear. Pdf the middle east and north africa mena have long been laden with tensions and instabilities. The arab spring its impact on the region and on the middle east conference of the regime and within the regime, with the former comprising tunisia, egypt, and libya and the latter including jordan and saudi arabia. The arab winter is a term for the resurgence of authoritarianism, absolute monarchies and islamic extremism evolving in the aftermath of the arab spring protests in arab countries. Arabs are the major ethnic group of the middle east. Cleareyed, incisive, and authoritative, trager specializes in making sense of a maddeningly complicated crisis, and he does.
It challenged some of the regions most authoritarian regimes. Disturbances have ranged from protests to full civil war and. The movement began in tunisia in 2010, and thereafter it soon spread to other countries in north africa and the middle east. The arab spring was a series of prodemocracy uprisings that enveloped several largely muslim countries, including tunisia, morocco, syria, libya, egypt and. Unrest and uncertainty the big picture, the boston globes photoblog.
Dissatisfaction with government services in arab spring. Arab spring students britannica kids homework help. By the end of the 1950s, most arab countries had gained their independence. Authoritarianism and democratization in the arab w orld, rex brynen et al. The leaders of tunisia, egypt, libya, and yemen were overthrown.
Included are the results of a bibliometric study that compared the frequency in which various descriptors appeared in major englishlanguage news sources. The endgame is a series of films exploring the fall of the gaddafi regime from the perspective of those who helped to bring it down al jazeera tv the long road to tripoli. The arab spring of discontent einternational relations. The arab spring was a series of antigovernment protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across the middle east in early 2011. The common slogan of the protesters throughout arab spring was the people want to bring down the regime aissa, 2012.
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